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Compare Peru (2001) - Faroe Islands (2005)

Compare Peru (2001) z Faroe Islands (2005)

 Peru (2001)Faroe Islands (2005)
 PeruFaroe Islands
Administrative divisions 24 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 constitutional province* (provincia constitucional); Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao*, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali

note:
the 1979 constitution mandated the creation of regions (regiones, singular - region) to function eventually as autonomous economic and administrative entities; so far, 12 regions have been constituted from 23 of the 24 departments - Amazonas (from Loreto), Andres Avelino Caceres (from Huanuco, Pasco, Junin), Arequipa (from Arequipa), Chavin (from Ancash), Grau (from Tumbes, Piura), Inca (from Cusco, Madre de Dios, Apurimac), La Libertad (from La Libertad), Los Libertadores-Huari (from Ica, Ayacucho, Huancavelica), Mariategui (from Moquegua, Tacna, Puno), Nor Oriental del Maranon (from Lambayeque, Cajamarca, Amazonas), San Martin (from San Martin), Ucayali (from Ucayali); formation of another region has been delayed by the reluctance of the constitutional province of Callao to merge with the department of Lima; because of inadequate funding from the central government and organizational and political difficulties, the regions have yet to assume major responsibilities; the 1993 constitution retains the regions but limits their authority; the 1993 constitution also reaffirms the roles of departmental and municipal governments
none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 49 municipalities
Age structure 0-14 years:
34.41% (male 4,803,464; female 4,654,890)

15-64 years:
60.8% (male 8,408,210; female 8,302,943)

65 years and over:
4.79% (male 603,309; female 711,048) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 21.3% (male 4,997/female 4,999)


15-64 years: 64.9% (male 16,120/female 14,360)


65 years and over: 13.8% (male 2,923/female 3,563) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, cotton, sugarcane, rice, wheat, potatoes, plantains, coca; poultry, beef, dairy products, wool; fish milk, potatoes, vegetables; sheep; salmon, other fish
Airports 233 (2000 est.) 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
46

over 3,047 m:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
18

1,524 to 2,437 m:
13

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
187

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
25

914 to 1,523 m:
65

under 914 m:
95 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
1,285,220 sq km

land:
1.28 million sq km

water:
5,220 sq km
total: 1,399 sq km


land: 1,399 sq km


water: 0 sq km (some lakes and streams)
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Alaska eight times the size of Washington, DC
Background After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in 1980. In recent years, bold reform programs and significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity and drug trafficking have resulted in solid economic growth. The population of the Faroe Islands is largely descended from Viking settlers who arrived in the 9th century. The islands have been connected politically to Denmark since the 14th century. A high degree of self-government was attained in 1948.
Birth rate 23.9 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 13.97 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$8.5 billion

expenditures:
$9.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $2 billion (1996 est.)
revenues: $488 million


expenditures: $484 million, including capital expenditures of $21 million (1999)
Capital Lima Torshavn
Climate varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes mild winters, cool summers; usually overcast; foggy, windy
Coastline 2,414 km 1,117 km
Constitution 31 December 1993 5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Peru

conventional short form:
Peru

local long form:
Republica del Peru

local short form:
Peru
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Faroe Islands


local long form: none


local short form: Foroyar
Currency nuevo sol (PEN) -
Death rate 5.78 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $31 billion (2000 est.) $64 million (1999)
Dependency status - part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1948
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador John HAMILTON

embassy:
Avenida La Encalada, Cuadra 17s/n, Surco, Lima 33

mailing address:
P. O. Box 1995, Lima 1; American Embassy (Lima), APO AA 34031-5000

telephone:
[51] (1) 434-3000

FAX:
[51] (1) 434-3037
none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Alfonso RIVERO Monsalve

chancery:
1700 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 833-9860 through 9869

FAX:
[1] (202) 659-8124

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Paterson (New Jersey), San Francisco
none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international none because anticipated offshore hydrocarbon resources have not been realized, earlier Faroese proposals for full independence have been deferred; Iceland disputes the Faroe Islands' fisheries median line boundary; Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm
Economic aid - recipient $895.1 million (1995) $135 million (annual subsidy from Denmark) (1998)
Economy - overview The Peruvian economy has become increasingly market-oriented, with major privatizations completed since 1990 in the mining, electricity, and telecommunications industries. Thanks to strong foreign investment and the cooperation between the FUJIMORI government and the IMF and World Bank, growth was strong in 1994-97 and inflation was brought under control. In 1998, El Nino's impact on agriculture, the financial crisis in Asia, and instability in Brazilian markets undercut growth. And 1999 was another lean year for Peru, with the aftermath of El Nino and the Asian financial crisis working its way through the economy. Political instability resulting from the presidential election and FUJIMORI's subsequent departure from office limited economic growth in 2000. The Faroese economy has had a strong performance since 1994, mostly as a result of increasing fish landings and high and stable export prices. Unemployment is minimal and there are signs of labor shortages in several sectors. The positive economic development has helped the Faroese Home Rule Government produce increasing budget surpluses, which in turn has helped to reduce the large public debt, most of it owed to Denmark. However, the total dependence on fishing makes the Faroese economy extremely vulnerable, and the present fishing efforts appear in excess of what is a sustainable level of fishing in the long term. Oil finds close to the Faroese area give hope for deposits in the immediate Faroese area, which may eventually lay the basis for a more diversified economy and thus lessen dependence on Danish economic assistance. Aided by a substantial annual subsidy (15% of GDP) from Denmark, the Faroese have a standard of living not far below the Danes and other Scandinavians.
Electricity - consumption 17.565 billion kWh (1999) 204.6 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 1 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 18.886 billion kWh (1999) 220 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
23.04%

hydro:
76.43%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.53% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Nevado Huascaran 6,768 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Slaettaratindur 882 m
Environment - current issues deforestation (some the result of illegal logging); overgrazing of the slopes of the costa and sierra leading to soil erosion; desertification; air pollution in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
-
Ethnic groups Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3% Scandinavian
Exchange rates nuevo sol per US dollar - 3.5230 (January 2001), 3.4900 (2000), 3.383 (1999), 2.930 (1998), 2.664 (1997), 2.453 (1996) Danish kroner per US dollar - 5.9911 (2004), 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002), 8.3228 (2001), 8.0831 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Alejandro TOLEDO (since 28 July 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; additionally two vice presidents are provided for by the Constitution, First Vice President Raul DIEZ Conseco (since 28 July 2001) and Second Vice President David WAISMAN (since 28 July 2001)

head of government:
President Alejandro TOLEDO (since 28 July 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; additionally two vice presidents are provided for by the Constitution, First Vice President Raul DIEZ Conseco (since 28 July 2001) and Second Vice President David WAISMAN (since 28 July 2001)

note:
Prime Minister Roberto DANINO (since 28 July 2001) does not exercise executive power; this power is in the hands of the president

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; special presidential election held 8 April 2001 with runoff election 3 June 2001); next to be held NA 2006

election results:
President TOLEDO elected in runoff election; percent of vote - Alejandro TOLEDO 53.1%, Alan GARCIA 46.9%
chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Birgit KLEIS, chief administrative officer (since 1 November 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister Joannes EIDESGAARD (since 3 February 2004)


cabinet: Landsstyri appointed by the prime minister


elections: the monarch is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by the Faroese Parliament; election last held 20 January 2004 (next to be held no later than January 2008)


election results: Joannes EIDESGAARD elected prime minister; percent of parliamentary vote - NA%


note: coalition of Social Democrats, Union Party, and People's Party
Exports $7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Exports - commodities fish and fish products, copper, zinc, gold, crude petroleum and byproducts, lead, coffee, sugar, cotton fish and fish products 94%, stamps, ships (1999)
Exports - partners US 29%, EU 25%, Andean Community 6%, Japan 4%, Mercosur 3% (1999) Denmark 33.5%, UK 29.7%, Norway 8.4%, Nigeria 7.2% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), white, and red with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a shield bearing a llama, cinchona tree (the source of quinine), and a yellow cornucopia spilling out gold coins, all framed by a green wreath white with a red cross outlined in blue extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted toward the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)
GDP purchasing power parity - $123 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
15%

industry:
42%

services:
43% (1999)
agriculture: 27%


industry: 11%


services: 62% (1999)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,550 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $22,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.6% (2000 est.) 10% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 10 00 S, 76 00 W 62 00 N, 7 00 W
Geography - note shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake, with Bolivia archipelago of 17 inhabited islands and one uninhabited island, and a few uninhabited islets; strategically located along important sea lanes in northeastern Atlantic; precipitous terrain limits habitation to small coastal lowlands
Highways total:
72,900 km

paved:
8,700 km

unpaved:
64,200 km (1999 est.)
total: 463 km


paved: 454 km


unpaved: 9 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1.9%

highest 10%:
34.3% (1994)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs until 1996 the world's largest coca leaf producer, Peru reduced the area of coca under cultivation by 64% to 34,200 hectares between 1996 and the end of 2000; much of the cocaine base is shipped to neighboring Colombia for processing into cocaine for the international drug market; increasing amounts of finished cocaine, however, are being shipped to Europe or to Brazil and Bolivia for use in the Southern Cone or transshipped to world markets -
Imports $7.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA
Imports - commodities machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceuticals machinery and transport equipment 29%, consumer goods 36%, raw materials and semi-manufactures 32%, fuels, fish and salt (1999)
Imports - partners US 32%, EU 21%, Andean Community 6%, Mercosur 8%, Japan 5% (1999) Denmark 52.8%, Norway 18.3%, Iceland 4.4%, Sweden 4.2% (2004)
Independence 28 July 1821 (from Spain) none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Industrial production growth rate 8.5% (2000 est.) 8% (1999 est.)
Industries mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles, clothing, food processing, cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, metal fabrication fishing, fish processing, small ship repair and refurbishment, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate 39.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 6.24 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.7% (2000 est.) 5.1% (1999)
International organization participation ABEDA, APEC, CAN, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNTAET, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO IMO (associate), NC, NIB, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 10 (2000) -
Irrigated land 12,800 sq km (1993 est.) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are appointed by the National Council of the Judiciary) none
Labor force 7.6 million (1996 est.) 24,250 (October 2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture, mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, transport, services fishing, fish processing, and manufacturing 33%, construction and private services 33%, public services 34%
Land boundaries total:
5,536 km

border countries:
Bolivia 900 km, Brazil 1,560 km, Chile 160 km, Colombia 1,496 km (est.), Ecuador 1,420 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
21%

forests and woodland:
66%

other:
10% (1993 est.)
arable land: 2.14%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.86% (2001)
Languages Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara Faroese (derived from Old Norse), Danish
Legal system based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Danish
Legislative branch unicameral Democratic Constituent Congress or Congresso Constituyente Democratico (120 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held 8 April 2001)

note:
many congressmen defected to and then from former President FUJIMORI's coalition in 2000

election results:
percent of vote by party - Peru 2000 42.16%, Peru Possible 23.34%, FIM 7.56%, Somos Peru 7.2%, APRA 5.5%, others 14.24%; seats by party - Peru 2000 52, Peru Possible 29, FIM 9, others 30
unicameral Faroese Parliament or Logting (32 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis from the seven constituencies to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 20 January 2004 (next to be held no later than January 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - Union Party 23.7%, Social Democrats 21.8%, Republican Party 21.7%, People's Party 20.6%, Center Party 5.2%, Independence Party 4.6%; seats by party - Union Party 7, Social Democrats 7, Republican Party 8, People's Party 7, Center Party 2, Independence Party 1


note: election of 2 seats to the Danish Parliament was last held on 8 February 2005 (next to be held February 2009); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 1, People's Party 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
70.3 years

male:
67.9 years

female:
72.81 years (2001 est.)
total population: 79.21 years


male: 75.77 years


female: 82.67 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
88.7%

male:
94.5%

female:
83% (1995 est.)
definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%


note: probably the same as Denmark proper
Location Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador Northern Europe, island group between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Iceland to Norway
Map references South America Europe
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200 NM

territorial sea:
200 NM
territorial sea: 3 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line
Merchant marine total:
6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 40,623 GRT/61,769 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 5, petroleum tanker 1 (2000 est.)
total: 14 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 24,051 GRT/11,998 DWT


by type: cargo 6, container 1, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 2


foreign-owned: 8 (Denmark 2, Germany 1, Iceland 2, Norway 2, United Kingdom 1) (2005)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Denmark
Military branches Army (Ejercito Peruano), Navy (Marina de Guerra del Peru; includes Naval Air, Marines, and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea del Peru), National Police (Policia Nacional) no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1 billion (FY00) $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.9% (FY00) NA
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
7,205,675 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
4,847,250 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
276,458 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 28 July (1821) Olaifest (Olavasoka), 29 July
Nationality noun:
Peruvian(s)

adjective:
Peruvian
noun: Faroese (singular and plural)


adjective: Faroese
Natural hazards earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity NA
Natural resources copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower fish, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
Net migration rate -1.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0.94 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 800 km; natural gas and natural gas liquids 64 km -
Political parties and leaders American Popular Revolutionary Alliance or APRA [Alan GARCIA]; Andean Rebirth [Ciro GALVEZ Herreria]; Avancemos [leader NA]; Democratic Cause [Jorge SANTISTEVAN]; Independent Moralizing Front or FIM [Fernando OLIVERA Vega]; National Solidarity or SN [Luis CASTANEDA Lossio]; National Unity [Lourdes FLORES Nano]; Peru 2000 [leader NA]; Peru Posible or PP [Alejandro TOLEDO Maniquez]; Popular Action or AP [leader NA]; Popular Agrarian Front of Peru or Frepap [leader NA]; Popular Solution [Carlos BOLONA Behr]; Project Country [Mario Antonio ARRUNATEGUI]; Somos Peru or SP [Alberto ANDRADE]; Union for Peru or UPP [leader NA]; Vamos Vecinos or VV [Absalon VASQUEZ] Center Party [Jenis A. RANA]; Independence Party [Kari P. HOJGAARD]; People's Party [Anfinn KALLSBERG]; Republican Party [Hogni HOYDAL]; Social Democratic Party [Joannes EIDESGAARD]; Union Party [Kaj Oeo JOHANNESEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders leftist guerrilla groups include Shining Path [Abimael GUZMAN Reynoso (imprisoned), Gabriel MACARIO (top leader at-large)]; Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement or MRTA [Victor POLAY (imprisoned), Hugo AVALLENEDA Valdez (top leader at-large)] NA
Population 27,483,864 (July 2001 est.) 46,962 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 49% (1994 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.7% (2001 est.) 0.62% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Callao, Chimbote, Ilo, Matarani, Paita, Puerto Maldonado, Salaverry, San Martin, Talara, Iquitos, Pucallpa, Yurimaguas

note:
Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Yurimaguas are all on the upper reaches of the Amazon and its tributaries
Torshavn
Radio broadcast stations AM 472, FM 198, shortwave 189 (1999) AM 1, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 6.65 million (1997) -
Railways total:
1,988 km

standard gauge:
1,608 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
380 km 0.914-m gauge
-
Religions Roman Catholic 90% Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.85 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
adequate for most requirements

domestic:
nationwide microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 12 earth stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); Pan American submarine cable
general assessment: good international communications; good domestic facilities


domestic: digitalization was completed in 1998; both NMT (analog) and GSM (digital) mobile telephone systems are installed


international: country code - 298; satellite earth stations - 1 Orion; 1 fiber-optic submarine cable to the Shetland Islands, linking the Faroe Islands with Denmark and Iceland; fiber-optic submarine cable connection to Canada-Europe cable
Telephones - main lines in use 1.509 million (1998) 23,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 504,995 (1998) 30,700 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 13 (plus 112 repeaters) (1997) 3 (plus 43 low-power repeaters) (September 1995)
Terrain western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva) rugged, rocky, some low peaks; cliffs along most of coast
Total fertility rate 2.96 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.2 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 7.7%; extensive underemployment (1997) 1% (October 2000)
Waterways 8,808 km

note:
8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon system and 208 km of Lago Titicaca
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